Franz Kafka s Life And Work - 1738 Words

Author Franz Kafka was born on the third of July, 1883, as the oldest child of Hermann Kafka and his wife Julie in Prague. His family from the fathers side was from Sà ¼dbà ¶hmen und moved later on to Prague. His mother was originally from a wealthy and popular german-jewish family. His father grew up in a part of the tschechisch-jewish part in Milieu, but the family was more orientated at the german speaking culture in Prague, like everyone else in this time at this place. Kafka had three younger sisters, Valli (1890), Ottla (1892), and Elli (1899). All children were send to german schools and were able to speak better the german language then the tschechis. Franz Kafka visited from begin of 1893 the high school in â€Å"Altstà ¤dter-Ring† and became his highshool diploma there. He studied law and right at the university of Prague and was also taking classes of germanistik and art history. In 1906 he became his University diploma with an promotion to an Ph.D. in right. Starting a t around 1907 he began to write and in 1910 his first short story â€Å"contemplation†. He was visiting the theater multiple times where he made friends with Marx Brod, Felix Weltsch, and Oskar Baum. The year 1912 counts towards the most productive years of Kafkas life. Franz Kafka was not able to get in a long term relationship with woman. All of his affairs had an ending. Kafka created his first big pieces of work in the fall of 1912: The short story â€Å"the Judgement†, The roman â€Å"the missing person†, and theShow MoreRelatedGregor Samsa Essay1280 Words   |  6 PagesFranz Kafka writes Gregor Samsa in his novel The Metamorphosis to portray specific details of his childhood life. In the early 1900’s the Great Depression occurred which changed the romantic time period into the modernism that focused on grotesque imagery. The Great Depression caused people to appreciate their beautiful world, before it turned into the dark and gloomy atmosphere it was for ten years. Kafka and Gregor’s lives share the similarity that both of their fathers were aggressive, alienatingRead MoreThe True Metamorphosis.. Franz Kafka Owns A Part Of The1448 Words   |  6 PagesTrue Metamorphosis. Franz Kafka owns a part of the human emotional spectrum, which the world can now call the Kafkaesque, a term for someone who exhibits nightmarish qualities of Kafka’s fictional world (Franz Kafka). Kafka’s twisted world is in no way pleasant, very Kafkaesque. It feels like a nightmare, and yet it is a place where many people, if only for a moment, will end up. Kafka’s most appreciated piece of literature, â€Å"The Metamorphosis,† creates an extension of Kafka’s life through the story’sRead MoreFranz Kafka s A Hunger Artist And The Metamorphosis1155 Words   |  5 PagesSelf -insertion, a literary device in which a character who is the real author of a work of fiction appears as a character within fiction, either overtly or in disguise. Imagine yourself being unable to obtain the recognition of your parents your whole life and leaving this world as a nobody. The writings of Franz Kafka not only spoke of the absurdity of life, but also about who he was. They told about what type of human being he was, and how he was feeling. You can see this in both of his well knownRead MoreMetamorphosis, By Franz Kafka1335 Words   |  6 PagesMetamorphosis, by Franz Kafka, is a reflection of his unsettled relationship with his family and society. Franz Kafka creates a hideous creature, a monstrous insect, to show how he feels in his reality. Gregor, in Metamorphosis, is a tool for Kafka to psychoanalyze his perceived deficiency in society and communicate his contemplations on his meaning in life. Franz Kafka s estrangement from his family and society started early in his life. Franz Kafka was born on the third of July, 1883 in Prague. Kafka was theRead More Essay on Symbolism in Kafkas Metamorphosis903 Words   |  4 PagesSymbolism in Franz Kafkas The Metamorphosis    Kafka uses symbolism in his short story, Metamorphosis.   He uses this technique to make the reader try and figure out what was going on in his head.   He brought out in this story many things about his life, including his father/family, love life, and his future.   He used metaphors to show his love for people in his life.   This story is autobiographical about the forces that control Franz Kafkas life.   In this paper I will explain how Kafka relatesRead MoreThe Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka1380 Words   |  6 Pagesof â€Å"The Metamorphosis† by Kafka The Metamorphosis is known to be one of Franz Kafka’s best works of literature. It demonstrates the interconnection between his personal life and the protagonist, Gregor Samsa, of â€Å"The Metamorphosis.† Franz Kafka was born in 1883 and grew up in a financially stable Jewish family in Prague. He was the only son left after the death of his younger brothers, Georg and Heinrich, during his infancy. As a result of this situation, he lived his life in the gloom of his domineeringRead MoreReview Of Franz Kafka s The Metamorphosis 958 Words   |  4 PagesBibliography of the Life of Franz Kafka There are several aspects about the writing of Franz Kafka that make it enticing to the reader and tantalizing enough to keep the reader intrigued. The narrative that I find most intriguing by Kafka is The Metamorphosis. The Metamorphosis is a tale wherein Kafka essentially gives his perception of the story of his life through the use of storytelling devices, which without the use of them would have made it a less interesting tale. Franz Kafka was born on JulyRead MoreThe Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka1435 Words   |  6 PagesFranz Kafka is renowned for prophetic and profoundly enigmatic stories that portray human degradation and cruelty. (Bloom) The Metamorphosis is said to be one of Franz Kafka’s best works of literature. It shows the difficulties of living in a modern society and the struggle for acceptance of others when in a time of need. (Bloom) The Metamorphosis is about a young man, Gregor Samsa, who is transformed overnight into a bug. He soon becomes a disgrace to his family. After his metamorphosis, hisRead MoreThe Trial and Guilt1381 Words   |  6 Pagesdenial is an inherent tendency. Franz Kafka’s The Trial opens with an idea of guilt and innocence. â€Å"Someone must have slandered Joseph K., for one morning, without having done anything wrong, he was arrested† (Kafka 3). This introduction initially implies to the reader that Joseph K. is innocent. However, as the novel unfo lds, and we are given more, yet unlimited information, the reader’s concept of K.’s innocence shifts. Though we never find out what he did wrong, K.’s guilt becomes more present withRead More Mental Isolation in Franz Kafkas The Metamorphosis Essay1428 Words   |  6 Pagesin Franz Kafkas The Metamorphosis The metamorphosis very possibly was written by Kafka as an outlet for his feelings of isolation and helplessness. In it, the protagonist, Gregor Samsa, awakens one morning to find himself spontaneously transformed in his bed into a monstrous vermin. The story continues from there in a most realistic fashion: his family rejects him, and he stays cooped up in his room until he dies. Although interpretations of the story differ, my opinion is that Kafka wrote

Banking and Financial Industry Vocabulary

This core vocabulary reference sheet provides keywords and phrases in the banking and financial industries. This vocabulary can be used in English for specific purposes classes as a starting point for including vocabulary study  relating to the banking and financial industries. Teachers are often not equipped with the exact English ​terminology required in very specific trade sectors. For this reason, core vocabulary sheets go a long way in helping teachers provide adequate materials for students with English for Specific Purposes needs. Students should also familiarize themselves with common banking abbreviations. to accept a billaccountaccount overdraftactual yieldafter-hours tradingat 30 days after sightat 60 days after dateat a discountat a premium - above parat bestat closingat parat sight - on demandbackdate - to antedateto bank - to depositbankbank accountbank balancebank branchbank clearancebank counterbank creditbank depositbank guaranteebank lending ratesbank loanbank mergerbank rate risebank sectorbank suretyship - bank guaranteebank transferbank transfer orderbankers draft - bank draftbankingbanking secrecyexchange-rate fluctuationsexchange controlsexchange rateexercise an optionto expireexpiry date - due datefinancial marketfixed exchange ratefixed term salefloat due to collectionfloating-rate loanforeign bankforeign currencyforeign exchange marketforward market - futures marketfuture transaction - forward transactionfutures - forward contractsto grant a loanto gross yieldto honour a billhostile takeoverin the redinterestinterest accrualinterest rateinvestorirrevocableirrevocable l etter of creditissue priceissuing bankissuing housejunk bondlegal interestletter of creditto loan banking systembanknote (GB) - bill (US)to bearbear marketbearer billbearer bondbearer chequebearer sharebill for collectionblank chequeblank endorsementbond - debenturebond certificatebond holder - debenture holderbond issuebonus share - free shareborrowing ratebounced cheque - uncovered chequebull marketto buy backcall option - callto cash a chequecash against documentscash market - spot marketcash overdraftcashier - tellerto charge an accountcheque (GB) - check (US)cheque bookcollectioncollection chargescommodity exchangeconfirmed irrevocable creditconfirmed letter of creditcontract notemerchant bankmoney launderingmoney marketnegotiablenegotiable billnet yieldofficial discount rateofficial Stock Exchange liston deposit - on consignmentto open an accountordinary share (GB) - common stock (US)out-of-town chequeto overdrawparity - at parpayable at sightpayable to bearerpayment orderpost datepreference share (GB) - preferred stock (US)premium dealprivate bankpromissory note - note of handto protest a billto protest chargesraterecipient - beneficiaryregistered shareto renew the billrepayment date - refund daterevocablerevocable creditrevocable letter of creditright of veto safety deposit boxsavings bankconvertibilityconvertibleconvertible bondcorrespondent bankcrash on the Stock Exchangecreditcredit cardcredit openingcrossed chequecurrency exposurecurrent account (GB) - checking account (US)current account depositdate of issuedebit balancedefault interests - interests on arrearsdepositdeposit bookdeposit certificate - deposit warrantdepositordiscount ratedividenddividend warrantdomiciled billDow Jones indexdraw a chequedrawers signaturedrawerend of month (EOM)to endorse - to backto endorse a chequeendorsementendorsement for collectionendorserexchangeexchange broker - stockbrokersavings depositto sell forwardto settle a debt - to pay off a debtsettlement of a billshar e - stockshare certificateshare indexshare issueshort-term billshort-term debtsight bill - bill on demandspeculative bubblespot exchangestock dividendStock ExchangeStock Exchange capitalisationStock Exchange indexstock marketstock optionstockbroker - stockjobberto stop a chequeto stop an accountsubject to collectionsurchargesuretyship - guaranteetake-over bid (TOB)to take out a loantown chequetransferableunacceptanceunpaid - unsettledvalue at market pricevoting shareto write out a chequeyield

The Federalists And The Anti Federalists - 1305 Words

In 1791, the Bill of Rights, consisting of 10 amendments, was ratified into the constitution. The document’s purpose was to spell out the rights of the people that the government could not infringe upon. It was considered necessary by many at the time of its development; the Bill of Rights became the cause for a huge debate between; The Federalists and the Anti-Federalists. The Federalists were those who thought that there should be a new Union created with a strong centralized government and individual regional governments. They felt that it was not necessary for there to be a bill of rights because it was implied that those rights the Constitution did not specifically state would be handed down to the states. On the other hand, the Anti-Federalists were opposed to such a form of government on the grounds that the Constitution, in which it was outlined, lacked clarity in the protections of the individuals. The Anti-Federalists, whose memory of British oppression was still fre sh in their minds, wanted certain rights and guarantees that were to be a part of the constitution (Glasser 1991). A clear display of the Anti-Federalist attitude was shown by Samuel Bryans series of essays named the ‘Cenitnal Essays,’ which â€Å"assailed the sweeping power of the central government, the usurpation of state sovereignty, and the absence of a bill of rights guaranteeing individual liberties such as freedom of speech and freedom of religion (Bran 1986)†. Ultimately, the Bill of Rights wasShow MoreRelatedThe Federalist And Anti Federalist1263 Words   |  6 Pages The Anti-Federalist put up a long and hard fight, however, they were not as organized as the Federalists. While the Anti- Federalist had great concerns about the Constitution and National government, the Federalist had good responses to combat these concerns. The Federalist were and for the Constitution and feel the Article of Confederation were not worth ratifying, these should be scrapped altogether. They felt that the Articles limited the power of congress, because congress had to request cooperationRead MoreThe Federalist And The Anti Federalist864 Words   |  4 Pagesthe federalist, then later on the anti-federalist in 1796. Alexander Hamilton was the leader of the federalist party. Thomas Jefferson was the leader of the anti-federalist; who called themselves the Democratic-Republicans. Our first president, George Washington warned us about having parties and the danger of them. However, not until Congress debated the ratification and implementation of Jay’s Treaty wit h Great Britain did two political parties clearly emerge; the Federalist and the Anti-FederalistRead MoreThe Federalists And The Anti Federalists1189 Words   |  5 PagesIn debate of the ratification of the Constitution, the Federalists and the Anti- Federalists agreed on several things: the necessity of some form of national government, the preservation of the right to vote, and the need to secure our liberties. The Federalists wanted a strong central government, whereas the Anti- Federalists wanted more power reserved to the state government. The right to vote is important for both sides, but they hold conflicting views on the amount of involvement through theRead MoreThe Federalists And The Anti Federalists1656 Words   |  7 Pagesarticles defending their positions. They were named the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists. The Anti-Federalists, however, were incredibly displeased with the name that the Federalists had coined for them. In that time, Federalism was synonymous w ith Confederation, which was what the Anti-Federalists were fighting to protect. The arguments were varied, and consisted of valid points from both sides. One of the major arguments of the Anti-Federalists was the supposed validity of a large scale republicRead MoreFederalists Vs. Anti Federalists1518 Words   |  7 PagesIn early 1788, Federalists and Anti-Federalists held fierce debates over how the state of Rhode Island would vote on Constitutional ratification. Two models of democracy were contested: the Anti-Federalists argued in favor of mass participation in the form of a state referendum, and the Federalists argued in favor of elite representation in the form of a state convention. On the whole, while the state referendum model used in the debates in Rhode Island allows for greater participation and an opportunityRead MoreFederalists vs. Anti-Federalists1723 Words   |  7 Pagesthe subject of numerous debates. The contending groups consisted of Federalists, those who sup ported ratification, and Anti-Federalists, those opposed to the constitution. Each group published a series of letters known as the Federalist and Anti-Federalist Papers. The Anti-Federalist papers objected to provisions of the proposed constitution while the Federalist Papers defended the rationale behind the document. Anti-Federalist objections included that; the United States was too extensive to beRead More Federalists and Anti-Federalists Essay1665 Words   |  7 PagesThe Constitution, when first introduced, set the stage for much controversy in the United States. The two major parties in this battle were the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists. The Federalists, such as James Madison, were in favor of ratifying the Constitution. On the other hand, the Anti-Federalists, such as Patrick Henry and Richard Henry Lee, were against ratification. Each party has their own beliefs on why or why not this document should or should not be passed. These beliefs are displayedRead MoreThe Federalists Vs. Anti Federalists1010 Words   |  5 Pagesduring the American Revolution. The rivalry between the Federalists and the anti-Federalists emerged during the process of ratifying the Constitution between 1787 and 1788. Initially, the Federalists supported the Constitution while the anti-Federalists did not (199). The principle differences dividing the Federalists and anti-Federalists were the controversy of creating a federal government and how to interpret the Constitution. Anti-Federalists insisted on protecting the rights of the states and theRead MoreAnti Federalists Vs. Federalists1634 Words   |  7 Pages Anti Federalists vs. Federalists (Paper #1) The Federalists and the Anti - Federalists played an indispensable part in the establishment of the American Constitution. Federalists were supporters of the constitution, while Anti federalist were against the ratification of the Constitution. Federalists believed in the idea of a larger heterogeneous republic whereas anti federalists wanted a small homogenous republic. Famous federalists like James Madison, John Jay and Alexander Hamilton are responsibleRead MoreThe Federalists Vs. The Anti Federalists1801 Words   |  8 Pagesare worse than others. In the case of the Federalists vs. The Anti-Federalists, was the drafting of the Constitution actually worth it in the end? When the colonists first came over seas from Great Britain there was one thing that was vastly agreed on—a change in how government works and runs was necessary for the future of America. Two major groups eventually formed behind this way of thinking, the Federalists and the Anti-Federalists. The Federa lists were under the impression that the formation

The debt limit can be seen as a kind of bomb under the...

The debt limit can be seen as a kind of bomb under the American government, placed there by the American government. In The United States government splits financial responsibility between Congress and the president. When it comes to the economy the president has two jobs. 1: he/she has to collect taxes 2: spend those taxes to run the government. These two powers give an impression that the president is all-powerful then it comes to economy. And many people share this impression, since the president’s new budget usually is a hot topic on the news even thought it is not really the president’s budget. But the truth is the opposite the president is the one who takes orders. From whom? Congress of course Congress has supreme powers when it†¦show more content†¦In most countries including Denmark the issue would end here. Because if their legislatures approve more spending then income, they also take into account the money they have to borrow. But not in America. In The United States, congress has set the total limit of debt The United States can have. In theory the debt limit is a good idea. But it can have treble consequences. When the United States gets closer to the debt limit, Congress usually act shocked and points to the president’s headless spending that have brought them so close to the debt limit. In theory it was the president (The Department of the Treasury) who the necessary money, to cover the budget. So basically the debt limit is like a boomerang for the Congress. With added terror for the whole World. A good for example of the potential consequences of the debt limit is if the US government builds a new federal building. If the US is at the debt limit then the company need its pay after the work, the government cannot pay out the wages. This can crumble the trust in the American economy. And since most of the world’s economy relies on the American economy being trust worthy, meddling with this trust can have catastrophic consequences. So, why does it take so long time for the two branches to agree? Because: Politics. In the eyes ofShow MoreRelatedThe Ethical Issue Of Software Piracy1530 Words   |  7 Pagesand how a moral system is analogous to a game. Then we are going to analyze how the ethical issue of software piracy is seen from the notion of common moral system according to Gert. Personal morality is an oxymoron So let’s first see why Gert believes that the notion of ‘personal morality† is an oxymoron. According to Gert, a moral system is public because everyone should know and be familiar with the rules that define it. Those set of rules which define a moral system apply to all of the membersRead More Morality And The Human Genome Project Essay1364 Words   |  6 Pagesgenetic history lay in the ancient techniques of selective breeding to yield special characteristics in later generations. This was and still is a form of genetic manipulation by employing appropriate selection for physical and behavioral traits (Gert,2). Futheralong, the work of Gregor Mendel, an Austrian monk, on garden peas established the quantitative discipline of genetics. Mendels work explained the inheritance of traits can be stated by factors passed from one generation to the next;Read MoreCross Cultural Management Between China And Australia1498 Words   |  6 Pagesuncertainty avoidance include emotional personality, risk avoidance, and less tolerance of deviations, etc. (USD n.d.). Individualism versus collectivism can be defined as ‘the degree to which individuals are integrated into groups’ (Geert Hofstede and Gert Jan Hofstede n.d.). This dimension can be sum up as whether individuals care more about ‘I’ or ‘we’. Masculinity (career success) versus femininity (quality of life) ‘represents a preference in society for achievement, heroism, assertiveness and materialRead MorePhysician Assisted Suicide: A Controversial Topic1566 Words   |  6 PagesPhysician Assisted Suicide is when a physician, at a rational request of an adequately informed, competent patient who plans to commit suicide, knowingly provides that patient with the medical means to commit suicide and the patient uses those means (Gert, 2014). This form of PAS is the most commonly accepted. The physician doesnt actually assist in the performance of the suicide, he or she just gives the patient what they need to decide for themselves. Euthanasia is another term for PAS. VoluntaryRead MoreEssay on Informed Consent1178 Words   |  5 Pagesdiscloses all the information that the patient views as being important. Being informed is more than just a signature, but to be provided with the proper information to better make a decision of the treatments that are possible for your recovery (Gert, 32). The risks of the treatment provided, other treatments that are available, the outcome of the treatments, and the effectiveness of the treatment should be shared between the doctor and patient. It is one’s own opinion of how much informationRead MoreThe Concept of Managed Healthcare810 Words   |  3 PagesThis is due to the way it has revolutionized the operations of the U.S health care systems. According to the work of Lagoe, Aspling and Gert (2005), managed health care systems in the U.S have evolved to effectively influence the application of medical care by affecting and improving the efficiency and outcome of such services. According to Lagoe, Aspling and Gert (2005), the 2nd half of the 20th century saw the development of managed healthcare in the U.S as a mechanism for effectively constrainingRead MoreCultural Differences Of The Workplace1046 Words   |  5 Pagesof the research done by Prof essor Geert Hofstede will be discussed, followed by the examination of the differences and similarities between two different cultures and how they impact work relationships. Hofstede’s Six Dimensions of Culture Professor Gert Hofstede performed an extensive amount of research on how different cultural values affect values in the workplace. His initial research along with later supporting research found six dimensions of national culture to examine the differences betweenRead MoreEffects of War on Morality and Religion of a Person3462 Words   |  14 Pageson morality The morality of war has become a hot topic in the modern world (Gert, 2005). This is because most people question the morality of war (Gert, 2005). Some nation in the modern society and ancient nations have viewed war as noble and as a form of defense. Most people in the modern society see war undesirable and morally problematic. Several theories have been established to judge the morality of war (Gert, 2005). Some of the theories support use of war. The authors of the theories considerRead MoreModernism in Australia During the Interwar Period2359 Words   |  10 PagesAustralia in the early years during the interwar period? fg1. Australia Surf Club, designed by Gert Sellheim The First World War destroyed great amount of people’s homes in Europe and led many of them migrate to Australia where it is far from the battlefield. They brought with them skills, knowledge, experience and culture. (â€Å"Changing face of modern Australia†, n.d.) The famous architect and graphic designer Gert Sellheim, who designed well-known poster â€Å"Australia Surf Club†, is a great example amongRead MoreLost in Yonkers Summary1255 Words   |  6 Pageshappier than Bella and her siblings ever were. Gert, Bella s sister, is mildly consoling, but Grandma Kurnitz cannot listen to any more of Bella s foolishness. This scene also begins with a voice-over, but this time it is Jay who is writing to his father about how much he and Arty miss him and want him to come back. Jay and Arty are concerned that Aunt Bella has been gone for two nights ever since the argument after dinner the other night. Their Aunt Gert emerges from Grandma Kurnitz s room and

The Diaspora Studies Free Essays

In diaspora studies the major component to focus on is identity. In Hamid’s The Reluctant Fundamentalist novel mainly brought out the negative side of America. Ingredients like culture, religion, food and language are important issues to deal with identity. We will write a custom essay sample on The Diaspora Studies or any similar topic only for you Order Now People always identified by their culture so the presence of culture and identity mixed with each other. In this novel cultural identity has processed the main role among the characters. The character Changez struggled to enjoy stable identity for him and for his country. The readers can comprehend that America and Pakistan have some connection in regards cultural and political aspects. He sacrificed for his real identity, his Pakistani culture and his customs to follow western culture and western identity. Being in America his dual identity did not win even though he cannot forget his hybrid culture and cannot follow only one identity. After coming back from America since he taught his students about Anti- American issues. He did not abandon American life, but trying to stay connected with it. He was not happy by sacrificing his real identity since he had witnessed bitter experience. He was not comfortable and his identity remains unstable. When Changez went to America, he did shave his beard instead he protests against American society and show his indifference against America. He did not give up the original culture for the sake of safeguarding him. His social situations molded him to turn against alien country. In the novel the kite runner by Khaled Hosseini the character Amir’s immigrant experience was worse and then he understands that following one’s own culture was difficult and challenging in a new country. He realized that the lives of immigrant will be changing according to the changes taking place in a new country. In the novel A passage to India by E. M. Forster readers can understand the relationship east and west. If east and west follows best relationships between them there will not be any conflicts. Through A Passage to India people understand the intermingling culture of east and west always lead into the major problem and the supremacy of the west. All the western countries have the false opinion on the east and that need be changed. The component of hybrid culture plays a prominent role in the lives of people. In the novel American Brat by Bapsi Siddwah the character Feroza was the admired and influenced by American like the character Changez. Feroza’s life was totally changed after the immigration experience in the west. She was easily adapted to the culture and tradition of America. When she returned to Pakistan continued to follow American culture that was many in liberation. Changez at first admired by the American dream, but at last he erased his admiration towards America. In contrary Feroza’s immigrant life changes in a positive way. How to cite The Diaspora Studies, Papers

Security and Privacy Issues in Cloud Computing

Question: Describe about the Security and Privacy Issues in Cloud Computing. Answer: Introduction The purpose of making this report is to build an understanding and perspective about updates in information security and for building generic skills. In field of information technology various current developments have seen and these are booming this industry. For users, there are various new technologies available that can help them in their personal and official works. With the advancement of technologies, risks for security and privacy are also found in usage of technologies. The main emphasizing factor of this report is regarding Security and Privacy Issues in Cloud Computing. Cloud Computing is so much popular worldwide for its security, reliability and easiness to access remote databases. In online businesses i.e. e-commerce, cloud computing has provided big contribution. Basically cloud computing is considered better to host services over the internet. (SearchCloudComputing, 2016) Discussion Cloud Computing is a wide concept to discuss. Cloud computing provides various benefits to its users that include on-demand service, resistance and user can pay for this service according to their consumption. Private, Public and Hybrid types of services are provided by cloud computing to its users. Besides these benefits of this technology, some issues of security and privacy are found in it and it is important to emphasize on those issues. Challenges and Issues of Cloud Computing According to analysis about this cloud computing, some essential challenges and issues of cloud computing are found and these issues and challenges are discussed as below: Security and Privacy Delivery and Billing of Services Portability and Interoperability Availability and Reliability Cost of Performance and Bandwidth Security and Privacy This is major concerning issue of cloud computing that how security and privacy of data can be maintained. Business information is so much confidential and cloud service providers must provide security to its users regarding security and privacy of information. The network attacks like hacking and phishing would affect cloud infrastructure and multiple clients who are based on that infrastructure. This kind of issues should be mitigated as soon as possible. (Klostermann, 2012) Delivery and Selling of Services In case of on-demand service of cloud computing, it is difficult to evaluate actual cost of these services. Until cloud service provider will not have good and comparable benchmarks till then proper budgeting and assessment of cost is difficult in case of cloud services. Service-Level-Agreement (SLAs) of the cloud providers do not provide guarantee for the availability and scalability for service. It is possible that businesses will be reluctant to switch to cloud without a strong service quality guarantee. Availability and Reliability Some problems are found in availability of cloud services. Cloud providers are accountable to identify that all users are getting their services properly or not. For doing this, provider should use internal and third party tools. It is vital to have plans for supervising usage of services, SLAs Performance and Business Dependency of Services. Cost of Bandwidth and Performance It is possible for businesses to save money on hardware, but they cannot spend more for the bandwidth. It is right that cost of bandwidth is low for small cloud based applications, but in case data-intensive applications, cost rate is high. For delivering intensive and complex data requires high bandwidth. That is why businesses have to wait for reduction in cost before switching to the cloud. These above listed challenges must be taken into consideration by cloud providers and must find out mitigations for this. Next segment of this report describes relevant technologies for security and privacy of cloud computing. Relevant Tools for Security and Privacy of Cloud Computing Security issues of cloud computing must be mitigated by cloud providers that are big barriers in security of cloud computing. There are various relevant technologies available that can be used for maintaining security and privacy of cloud computing. Here are some tools that can be used for maintaining security and privacy of cloud services. It is responsibility of cloud providers to ensure already existed effective governance, risk and compliance processes to control security violation. Next tool that can be used for security and privacy of cloud computing is to understand importance of auditing the agreement of IT systems that provides hosting for applications and data. It is necessary to ensure that it is compliance with their corporate and policies of government and industry. (AlZain, M, 2012) Understanding of internal cloud environment of cloud service provider is also necessary, so that customers can ensure that this environment is according to their requirements or not. Proper assurance of the facilities for management and control of cloud services. Applications of Technologies The technologies or tools that are discussed above for maintaining security and privacy of data, have wide application areas in web services. Not only to secure cloud applications but also other internet based services use above discussed tools for maintaining high level of security. As we know knowledge about security policies and understanding about security audits are required, in every case of security and privacy. Clarification about Vague Areas of Cloud Computing Over the years the word Cloud in IT industry has become a vague and flexible term and it does not reference anything in particular. Due to this vague meaning of cloud, some people take advantage of this and provide any other services as cloud. Those people make fool of cloud users. So it is necessary to clear meaning of cloud in IT. Cloud in IT industry consists of remote delivery, eliminates need for on-site facilities, load balancing and multi-tenancy. Discussed Issues in Forum For this report, some forums about issues of cloud computing are analyzed and in those forums issues about management of large scale cloud computing and management of security of cloud users are discussed in detail. On the behalf of this discussion in forums, we can say that, our summary report provides information about these questions in detail. In this report, important concepts are issues and challenges of cloud computing, relevant technologies for this and clarification about vague statement of cloud. So users can get accurate answers for their queries. Other Important issues of Cloud that are not discussed in Report There is one important issue about management of large scale of cloud computing is not discussed. This is a weak point of this report. This information is necessary for those people who use cloud services at large scale. This issue is important because in future, cloud services will be used at large scale and its management will become priority for cloud providers. (Career.guru99.com, 2016) Impact of discussed cloud issues on Real World In this report, some important issues of cloud are discussed. The major impact of these cloud issues on real world is that they may not get appropriate and quality services from cloud providers. Due to improper security of confidential information on cloud platform, heavy loss of information can occur. That is why, security and privacy is essential. Lesson Learnt from Discussion Cloud technology is a useful approach to IT users who want secure access of information from remote database and on-demand services. But while adapting cloud services, awareness about implementation of this technology is necessary for users. Besides this, users must have clarification about vague statement of cloud. These are some important factors that must be considered before implementation of cloud computing both at large and small scale businesses. References SearchCloudComputing. (2016). What is cloud computing? - Definition from WhatIs.com. Retrieved 17 September 2016, from https://searchcloudcomputing.techtarget.com/definition/cloud-computing Klostermann, J., Andersen, S., Menting, M., Loon, R., Wiech, D., Lee, N. (2012). Top Five Challenges Of Cloud Computing . Cloudtweaks.com. Retrieved 17 September 2016, from https://cloudtweaks.com/2012/08/top-five-challenges-of-cloud-computing/ AlZain, M., Soh, B., Pardede, E. (2012). A new model to ensure security in cloud computing services. Journal Of Service Science Research, 4(1), 49-70. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12927-012-0002-5 Career.guru99.com.(2016). Top 40 Cloud Computing Interview Questions. Retrieved 17 September 2016, from https://career.guru99.com/top-40-interview-questions-on-cloud-computing/

Self-Managed Work Teams free essay sample

Because of the newness of the concepts, implementation has focused on problems and conditions surrounding team establishment. Even learning generated by team failures and problems has focused on beginning conditions and how to get teams organized and initially effective. Historical development The concept of self managed teams is historically rooted in the Socio-Technical Systems approach and in elements of the Quality of Work Life movement. These origins provide the initial theoretical development and the examples of early success that account for current team popularity. Understanding these origins provides perspective on the current issues facing teams and the limits of the structural/acute problem perspective. Origins of self- management The concept of self-managed or self-directed teams originated with the Sociotechnical systems movement (Emery Trist, 1960; Trist Bamforth, 1951). Socio-technical systems argued that social and technical systems must be jointly optimized and that attention to either component alone could produce problematic results. The autonomous work group was the form that evolved from this design. We will write a custom essay sample on Self-Managed Work Teams or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Some authors (Wall, Kemp, Jackson Clegg, 1986) also link the SMWT concept to the Quality of Work Life (QWL) movement (Hackman Lawler, 1971; Hackman Oldham, 1976) since many of the efforts to implement teams will lead to job enrichment and improved worker satisfaction. Additionally, the definition commonly used for SMWT’s draws on components of task identity and autonomy. Cummings (1978) notes that â€Å"autonomous,† â€Å"composite,† and â€Å"selfmanaging† have all been applied to work groups that have a relatively whole task; members with a variety of relevant skills; worker discretion over decisions related to methods of work, task schedules, and task assignments; and that receive feedback and compensation as a group. Each component of this definition is important in distinguishing self-managed teams from other forms of teams and work groups. SMWT’s are ongoing teams that operate over extended periods of time. Thus they are distinguished from ad hoc teams and task forces. Decision making and multiple skills generate true interdependence and distinguish SMWT’s from groups of individuals that have pooled interdependence (Thompson, 1967) but who do not make mutual adjustments to work contingencies. A set of telephone operators would represent a group of pooled individuals who are not acting as a team, for example. Autonomy and feedback allow responsibility to be held at the team level and provide the necessary input to allow the team to make appropriate adjustments to their efforts.